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Scale guide

A melodic minor

In one sentence: In this exercise, A melodic minor keeps F♯ and G♯ in both directions; this is the form commonly used in jazz.

A on the keyboard · one octave ascending
RH ↑ blue numbersLH ↑ red numbers

Altered notes in the octave: A, B, C, D, E, F#, G#.

One map, two directions

The same collection ascending and descending
A1B2C♭3D4E5F♯6 ↑G♯7 ↑A1

Ascending: A-B-C-D-E-F♯-G♯-A. Exercise descent: A-G♯-F♯-E-D-C-B-A.

  • Formula: 1-2-♭3-4-5-6-7
  • Descending: use the same collection in reverse order.
  • Key point: F♯ and G♯ remain raised in both directions in this exercise.

Notes and fingering

Direction Notes Right hand, 1 octave Left hand, 1 octave
Ascending A B C D E F♯ G♯ A 1-2-3-1-2-3-4-5 5-4-3-2-1-3-2-1
Descending A G♯ F♯ E D C B A 5-4-3-2-1-3-2-1 1-2-3-1-2-3-4-5
Direction Right hand, 2 octaves Left hand, 2 octaves
Ascending 1-2-3-1-2-3-4-1-2-3-1-2-3-4-5 5-4-3-2-1-3-2-1-4-3-2-1-3-2-1
Descending 5-4-3-2-1-3-2-1-4-3-2-1-3-2-1 1-2-3-1-2-3-4-1-2-3-1-2-3-4-5

First practice the turn at the top: F♯-G♯-A-G♯-F♯.

Hear the difference

Play A natural minor first: A-B-C-D-E-F-G-A. Then play the melodic ascent. The raised F♯ and G♯ make the line lead more directly toward A; they do not make the scale “major,” because C remains the minor third.

In the classical tradition, the scale commonly returns to A natural minor on the way down: A-G-F-E-D-C-B-A. In jazz, “melodic minor” usually means the ascending collection in both directions. This exercise and its diagrams practice the jazz form.

Make it musical

  1. Play the ascent and say “F sharp, G sharp.”
  2. At the top, reverse slowly and say “G sharp, F sharp.”
  3. Hold an A minor chord (Am) and make a four-note phrase that ends on A or E.

Listening and context

The ascending melodic-minor form became standard practice to smooth the F–G♯ leap in tonal writing. Jazz practice keeps that collection on the descent, making it a stable color for improvisation and chord building.

Common mistakes

  • Naturalizing F♯ and G♯ from classical habit: keep them raised on the descent in this exercise.
  • Forgetting C is still natural: C is what keeps the scale minor.
  • Treating the two forms as interchangeable: identify whether you are practicing the classical or jazz form first.
  • Rushing the direction change: repeat F♯-G♯-A-G♯-F♯ before joining both hands.

Quick check

  • I can name the raised notes on the ascent: F♯ and G♯
  • I keep G♯ and F♯ on the descent in this exercise
  • I keep C natural in both directions
  • I can play one octave in each hand without a pause at the turn

Keep this idea: PianoTrail practices jazz melodic minor here, with the same notes in both directions; the classical descent is a contextual alternative.

Guided scale demo

Watch the walkthrough, then practice it

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